The Judicature in the Constitution of Pakistan outlines the structure, powers, and functions of the judiciary, emphasizing its independence and role in upholding the Constitution and the rule of law. It is detailed under Part VII and includes provisions for the establishment of courts, the Supreme Court, High Courts, the Federal Shariat Court, and Administrative Tribunals.
It also covers the appointment, removal, and conduct of judges, ensuring the separation of powers and checks and balances within the governmental framework. The judiciary serves as the guardian of fundamental rights and ensures the implementation of justice without fear or favor.
Important MCQs on Judicature
- What is the primary function of the judiciary as defined in the Constitution of Pakistan?
- (A) Legislate laws
- (B) Interpret and uphold the Constitution
- (C) Enforce executive orders
- (D) Amend the Constitution
Answer: (B)
- Under which Article is the Supreme Court established?
- (A) Article 175
- (B) Article 176
- (C) Article 184
- (D) Article 189
Answer: (A)
- Who appoints the Chief Justice of Pakistan?
- (A) Prime Minister
- (B) President
- (C) Supreme Judicial Council
- (D) Federal Government
Answer: (B)
- The retiring age of a Supreme Court Judge is specified under which Article?
- (A) 177
- (B) 178
- (C) 179
- (D) 182
Answer: (C)
- What is the appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court?
- (A) Original cases only
- (B) Constitutional matters only
- (C) Appeals against High Court decisions
- (D) None of the above
Answer: (C)
- Which Article grants the Supreme Court advisory jurisdiction?
- (A) Article 186
- (B) Article 184
- (C) Article 190
- (D) Article 178
Answer: (A)
- What does Article 184 primarily address?
- (A) Transfer of cases
- (B) Original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
- (C) Appointment of ad hoc judges
- (D) Retiring age of judges
Answer: (B)
- Under which Article are decisions of the Supreme Court binding on all other courts?
- (A) Article 188
- (B) Article 189
- (C) Article 190
- (D) Article 175
Answer: (B)
- Who is responsible for the appointment of High Court judges?
- (A) Chief Justice of Pakistan
- (B) President of Pakistan
- (C) Prime Minister
- (D) Federal Judicial Commission
Answer: (B)
- What is the term of office for ad hoc judges in the Supreme Court?
- (A) 3 years
- (B) 6 months
- (C) Until the permanent judge is available
- (D) 1 year
Answer: (C)
- Under which Article are courts established in Pakistan?
- (A) Article 175
- (B) Article 176
- (C) Article 177
- (D) Article 178
Answer: (A)
- What is the primary requirement for a person to be appointed as a Supreme Court judge?
- (A) Must have served as a High Court judge for 5 years
- (B) Must have been an advocate of a High Court for 10 years
- (C) Either (A) or (B)
- (D) Both (A) and (B)
Answer: (C)
- Article 175A deals with the appointment of judges to which courts?
- (A) Supreme Court
- (B) High Courts
- (C) Federal Shariat Court
- (D) All of the above
Answer: (D)
- Who chairs the Judicial Commission for the appointment of judges?
- (A) Chief Justice of Pakistan
- (B) President of Pakistan
- (C) Prime Minister
- (D) Minister for Law
Answer: (A)
- The retiring age for High Court judges is prescribed under which Article?
- (A) 178
- (B) 179
- (C) 195
- (D) 192
Answer: (C)
- What is the jurisdiction of the Federal Shariat Court as defined under Article 203D?
- (A) To review laws for conformity with the Quran and Sunnah
- (B) To oversee High Court decisions
- (C) To resolve inter-provincial disputes
- (D) To assist the Supreme Court in appeals
Answer: (A)
- Which Article binds the High Courts to superintend and control subordinate courts?
- (A) 199
- (B) 202
- (C) 203
- (D) 210
Answer: (B)
- Which Article restricts courts from inquiring into the proceedings of Parliament?
- (A) 175
- (B) 194
- (C) 208
- (D) 69
Answer: (D)
- The jurisdiction of the High Court to issue directions, orders, or writs is provided under which Article?
- (A) Article 199
- (B) Article 184
- (C) Article 198
- (D) Article 197
Answer: (A)
- The Federal Shariat Court has revisional and appellate jurisdiction under which Article?
- (A) 203DD
- (B) 203C
- (C) 203E
- (D) 203F
Answer: (A)
- The Supreme Judicial Council investigates the misconduct of judges under which Article?
- (A) 206
- (B) 209
- (C) 208
- (D) 211
Answer: (B)
- Under Article 203G, decisions of the Federal Shariat Court are binding on which courts?
- (A) Supreme Court only
- (B) High Courts and subordinate courts
- (C) All courts in Pakistan
- (D) Subordinate courts only
Answer: (B)
- Which Article provides for the contempt of court jurisdiction?
- (A) 204
- (B) 205
- (C) 206
- (D) 202
Answer: (A)
- The salary and benefits of judges are protected under which Article?
- (A) 204
- (B) 205
- (C) 208
- (D) 210
Answer: (B)
- Judges are barred from holding any office of profit under which Article?
- (A) 207
- (B) 206
- (C) 208
- (D) 210
Answer: (A)
- Which Article empowers the Supreme Court to review its own judgments?
- (A) Article 188
- (B) Article 189
- (C) Article 184
- (D) Article 190
Answer: (A)
- Article 212 establishes which of the following?
- (A) Administrative Courts and Tribunals
- (B) Federal Shariat Court
- (C) Supreme Judicial Council
- (D) Original Jurisdiction of Supreme Court
Answer: (A)
- Under Article 190, all executive authorities are bound to act in aid of which court?
- (A) High Court
- (B) Federal Shariat Court
- (C) Supreme Court
- (D) None of the above
Answer: (C)
- Under Article 176, the Supreme Court is to consist of how many judges, including the Chief Justice?
- (A) 17
- (B) 10
- (C) As determined by law
- (D) No fixed number
Answer: (C)
- Which Article provides that no proceedings of the Supreme Judicial Council shall be called into question in any court?
- (A) 210
- (B) 211
- (C) 206
- (D) 208
Answer: (B)
- Which Article ensures the independence of the judiciary in Pakistan?
- (A) Article 184
- (B) Article 175(3)
- (C) Article 190
- (D) Article 199
Answer: (B)
- Under Article 175, how is the judiciary divided?
- (A) Federal and Provincial
- (B) Supreme Court, High Courts, and Subordinate Courts
- (C) Administrative Tribunals and Civil Courts
- (D) Criminal and Civil Courts
Answer: (B)
- What is the main criterion for the appointment of ad hoc judges in the Supreme Court as per Article 182?
- (A) Recommendation by the Chief Justice of Pakistan
- (B) Approval by the President
- (C) Consent of the senior-most judge of the Supreme Court
- (D) All of the above
Answer: (D)
- What is the primary condition for invoking the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under Article 184?
- (A) Interpretation of constitutional provisions
- (B) Violation of fundamental rights
- (C) Appeals against High Court decisions
- (D) Transfer of cases between courts
Answer: (B)
- Which Article outlines the conditions for the transfer of High Court judges?
- (A) Article 195
- (B) Article 199
- (C) Article 200
- (D) Article 203
Answer: (C)
- In the context of Article 199, which of the following writs can the High Court issue?
- (A) Habeas Corpus
- (B) Mandamus
- (C) Certiorari
- (D) All of the above
Answer: (D)
- Under Article 203F, who has the right to appeal against a decision of the Federal Shariat Court?
- (A) Affected individual
- (B) Federal Government
- (C) Provincial Government
- (D) All of the above
Answer: (D)
- Under Article 188, the power to review judgments by the Supreme Court is subject to which law?
- (A) Constitution of Pakistan
- (B) Supreme Court Rules
- (C) Federal Shariat Court Act
- (D) None of the above
Answer: (B)
- Article 203B defines the term ‘law.’ What does it include?
- (A) Customary practices
- (B) Statutes and enactments
- (C) Rules and regulations
- (D) All of the above
Answer: (D)
- What is the term used for the supervisory control of High Courts over subordinate courts under Article 203?
- (A) Appellate Jurisdiction
- (B) Administrative Supervision
- (C) Revisional Jurisdiction
- (D) None of the above
Answer: (B)
- Under Article 209, what is the quorum of the Supreme Judicial Council for holding an inquiry?
- (A) 2 members
- (B) 3 members
- (C) 4 members
- (D) 5 members
Answer: (B)
- Which Article states that the Supreme Court’s decisions are binding on all other courts in Pakistan?
- (A) Article 189
- (B) Article 190
- (C) Article 199
- (D) Article 184
Answer: (A)
- The Supreme Judicial Council’s findings cannot be challenged due to which Article?
- (A) Article 209
- (B) Article 211
- (C) Article 208
- (D) Article 207
Answer: (B)
- What is the purpose of Article 203C, which establishes the Federal Shariat Court?
- (A) To hear civil disputes
- (B) To ensure laws conform to the Quran and Sunnah
- (C) To assist the High Courts in constitutional matters
- (D) None of the above
Answer: (B)
- Which Article limits the jurisdiction of other courts when matters are under the Federal Shariat Court?
- (A) Article 199
- (B) Article 203G
- (C) Article 203H
- (D) Article 212
Answer: (B)
- What does Article 207 prohibit judges from doing?
- (A) Holding any other office of profit
- (B) Engaging in legal practice after retirement
- (C) Engaging in political activity
- (D) All of the above
Answer: (D)
- Administrative Tribunals under Article 212 deal with which type of disputes?
- (A) Constitutional disputes
- (B) Service matters
- (C) Criminal appeals
- (D) None of the above
Answer: (B)
- What authority does Article 190 grant the Supreme Court?
- (A) To direct all executive authorities to act in aid of the Court
- (B) To establish subordinate courts
- (C) To hear original cases
- (D) To make laws
Answer: (A)
- The seat of the Supreme Court is located under Article 183. Where can the seat be shifted?
- (A) Provincial Capitals
- (B) Any place as decided by the Chief Justice of Pakistan
- (C) Federal Capital
- (D) None of the above
Answer: (B)
- Under Article 175A, who plays a key role in appointing judges to the Supreme Court?
- (A) Chief Justice of Pakistan
- (B) Judicial Commission of Pakistan
- (C) President of Pakistan
- (D) Prime Minister of Pakistan
Answer: (B)