Order VIII of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 governs the procedure related to the written statement, which is the defendant’s reply to the plaintiff’s plaint. It outlines the time limit for filing the written statement, rules regarding specific denials, and consequences of non-compliance. The Order also includes provisions for set-off and counterclaims, allowing the … Read more
Order IX of the Code of Civil Procedure deals with the appearance of parties in court and the consequences of their non-appearance. It provides rules for cases where the plaintiff or defendant fails to appear on the date fixed for hearing, and the procedures for the restoration of suits dismissed for default. This Order protects … Read more
Order XXXIX of the Code of Civil Procedure provides for temporary injunctions and other interlocutory orders in civil suits. These injunctions are preventive reliefs granted to restrain a party from doing a particular act during the pendency of the suit to preserve the status quo. The Order lays down the conditions under which such injunctions … Read more
Order XLI of the Code of Civil Procedure governs the procedure for filing appeals from original decrees in civil suits. It provides the rules for how an appeal should be presented, the powers of the appellate court, the remanding of cases, and the disposal of appeals. This Order ensures that a party aggrieved by a … Read more
Order XLIII of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 provides the rules for appeals against specific orders passed by a civil court. While most appeals are filed against final judgments (decrees), this Order allows a party to challenge certain interlocutory or procedural orders listed under Rule 1 of the Order. These include orders under various … Read more
Introduction The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (CrPC), is a pivotal legal framework that governs the procedural aspects of criminal law in Pakistan. Enacted during the British colonial era, the CrPC provides detailed guidelines for the administration of criminal justice, from the initiation of criminal proceedings to the execution of sentences. For students preparing for … Read more
Chapter 1 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (CrPC), is titled “Preliminary” and serves as the foundation of the entire Code. It outlines the short title, extent, and commencement of the CrPC and provides essential definitions that help in understanding the terms used throughout the Code. These include terms like “offence”, “bailable offence”, “cognizable … Read more
Chapter 5 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898, deals with the procedural and legal framework surrounding the arrest of individuals, escape scenarios, and the recapture of offenders. It provides detailed provisions on how arrests should be conducted, the rights of arrested individuals, and the methods for retaking those who escape custody. This chapter also … Read more
Chapter 7 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 provides guidelines and procedures for obtaining documents, movable property, and ensuring the discovery of persons who may be wrongfully confined. It addresses the issuance of summons, search warrants, and the roles and responsibilities of law enforcement and judicial authorities in such cases. The provisions are aimed … Read more
Chapter 8 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898, focuses on preventive measures to maintain public peace and order. It empowers magistrates to impose security bonds on individuals who are likely to breach peace or disturb public tranquility or who are habitual offenders. These provisions are aimed at preventing offenses rather than punishing them and … Read more
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